Skip to content

secondaries

Secondary craters around the craters of the last crater layer before this one, after Singer et al. (2020).

Key Type Default Range Unit Description
seed integer 0 Seed the secondaries are drawn with; changing it gives a different field of the same statistics.
onset_count number, optional null (0, inf) Secondaries at least count_fraction primary diameters across, in an area the size of the primary at the onset range. Required: the sources give sizes, not numbers.
count_fraction number 0.01 (0, inf) Size, as a fraction of the primary's diameter, from which the onset count counts secondaries.
size_slope number 4.0 (0, inf) Cumulative size slope of the secondaries, their number falling as d^-slope; higher values give relatively more small secondaries.
min_diameter number 1.0 (0, inf) m Smallest secondary generated, in metres.
max_diameter number, optional null (0, inf) m Largest secondary generated, in metres; unset has no limit beyond Singer et al.'s largest secondary at each range.
outer_range number, optional null (0, inf) How far secondaries reach, in primary diameters from its centre; unset uses the longest typical ray of Elliott et al. (2018).
min_primary_diameter number 0.0 [0, inf) m Smallest primary crater, in metres, that throws secondaries.
max_primary_diameter number, optional null [0, inf) m Largest primary crater, in metres, that throws secondaries; unset has no upper limit.
min_age_gyr number 0.0 [0, inf) Gyr Youngest primary, in Gyr, that throws secondaries.
max_age_gyr number, optional null [0, inf) Gyr Oldest primary, in Gyr, that throws secondaries; unset has no upper limit.
manual boolean true Lets manual primary craters throw secondaries too; otherwise only generated ones do.
cell_size_factor number 16.0 (0, inf) Side of the polar cells secondaries are drawn in, as a multiple of each size band's largest diameter.
depth_ratio number 0.11 (0, inf) Depth over diameter every secondary is given, with no wear by age; lower values give shallower secondaries.
morphometry one of lunar, mars "lunar" Published fits whose fresh crater rim the secondaries are shaped with.
rays: Secondaries gathered into rays and clumped along them; off by default.
Key Type Default Range Unit Description
enabled boolean false Gathers secondaries into their primary's rays and clumps them along each ray, as radial chains and clusters; off spreads them evenly.
share number 0.7 [0, 1] Share of secondaries in rays, from 0 to 1; the rest stay spread evenly. Illustrative.
min_half_angle_degrees number 2.0 (0, 90) deg Narrowest half width of a ray, in degrees from 0 to 90 excluded, so rays widen with range beyond their width near the primary. Illustrative.
clustering number 0.8 [0, 1] How strongly secondaries clump along a ray, from 0 for evenly along it to 1 for only in clumps. Illustrative.
cluster_spacing number 0.15 (0, inf) Typical spacing of clumps along a ray, in natural log of range; positive, smaller values give shorter, more frequent clumps. Illustrative.
layout: The rays; give a crater albedo layer's rays the same layout for bright rays over the secondaries.
Key Type Default Range Unit Description
seed integer 0 Seed of the rays' directions; layers with the same layout share the same rays.
count: Number of rays of a crater, drawn per crater and rounded; 0 to 64.
Key Type Default Range Unit Description
kind one of constant, uniform, normal, log_normal "constant" Kind of distribution the value is drawn from.
a number 0.0 The constant value, the uniform's lower bound, the normal's mean or the log-normal's median.
b number 0.0 The uniform's upper bound, or the standard deviation (of the natural logarithm for a log-normal); unused for a constant.
min number, optional null Lower bound drawn values are clamped to; unset leaves them unbounded below.
max number, optional null Upper bound drawn values are clamped to; unset leaves them unbounded above, which normal and log-normal kinds do not allow.
width_degrees: Angle in degrees a ray spans 2 radii from the centre, drawn per ray, within (0, 180).
Key Type Default Range Unit Description
kind one of constant, uniform, normal, log_normal "constant" Kind of distribution the value is drawn from.
a number 0.0 The constant value, the uniform's lower bound, the normal's mean or the log-normal's median.
b number 0.0 The uniform's upper bound, or the standard deviation (of the natural logarithm for a log-normal); unused for a constant.
min number, optional null Lower bound drawn values are clamped to; unset leaves them unbounded below.
max number, optional null Upper bound drawn values are clamped to; unset leaves them unbounded above, which normal and log-normal kinds do not allow.
shapes: Secondaries stretched toward their primary; round by default.
Key Type Default Range Unit Description
elongated_share number 0.0 [0, 1] Share of secondaries, from 0 to 1, stretched along the line back to their primary; 0 keeps them round.
ellipticity: Long over short axis of an elongated secondary near the primary, drawn per secondary; at least 1, falling to 1 at the outer range.
Key Type Default Range Unit Description
kind one of constant, uniform, normal, log_normal "constant" Kind of distribution the value is drawn from.
a number 0.0 The constant value, the uniform's lower bound, the normal's mean or the log-normal's median.
b number 0.0 The uniform's upper bound, or the standard deviation (of the natural logarithm for a log-normal); unused for a constant.
min number, optional null Lower bound drawn values are clamped to; unset leaves them unbounded below.
max number, optional null Upper bound drawn values are clamped to; unset leaves them unbounded above, which normal and log-normal kinds do not allow.
Every key with its default
{
    "type": "secondaries",
    "seed": 0,
    "onset_count": null,
    "count_fraction": 0.01,
    "size_slope": 4.0,
    "min_diameter": 1.0,
    "max_diameter": null,
    "outer_range": null,
    "min_primary_diameter": 0.0,
    "max_primary_diameter": null,
    "min_age_gyr": 0.0,
    "max_age_gyr": null,
    "manual": true,
    "cell_size_factor": 16.0,
    "rays": {
        "enabled": false,
        "layout": {
            "seed": 0,
            "count": {
                "kind": "normal",
                "a": 10.7,
                "b": 3.1,
                "min": 6.0,
                "max": 20.0
            },
            "width_degrees": {
                "kind": "normal",
                "a": 22.0,
                "b": 8.3,
                "min": 5.4,
                "max": 38.6
            }
        },
        "share": 0.7,
        "min_half_angle_degrees": 2.0,
        "clustering": 0.8,
        "cluster_spacing": 0.15
    },
    "shapes": {
        "elongated_share": 0.0,
        "ellipticity": {
            "kind": "uniform",
            "a": 1.2,
            "b": 1.8,
            "min": null,
            "max": null
        }
    },
    "depth_ratio": 0.11,
    "morphometry": "lunar"
}

Used in: example_craters_secondaries, example_craters_secondary_rays